Microhydropower Calculator

Microhydropower Calculator

A project by Bard College and Current Hydro

  • About
  • How It Works
  • Calculator API

The Microhydropower Calculator was built by CivicMapper for Bard College and Current Hydro. LLC. Please read through the Overview to familiarize yourself with how to use the tool.

The project was funded by NYSERDA and source code is publicly available on GitHub.

© Civic Mapper, LLC 2018

This tool uses a basic formula for estimating power generation potential; it is suitable for planning purposes only. The underlying elevation data driving the calculations is provided by the US Geological Survey through web service hosted by ESRI. Where available, head calculations rely on high resolution elevation data services hosted by the NY State GIS Program Office.

Current Hydro provides an overview of microhydropower technology on their website.

Variables

  • A = area of the watershed upstream of the microhydropower installation, in square miles. This helps determine the volume of water that could pass through the turbine. This tool automatically determines this value from geospatial data (you have the option to override that).
  • H = head (elevation change) for the microhydropower installation in feet; the drop in elevation helps determine how much energy the turbine will be able to generate. This tool automatically determines this value from geospatial data (you have the option to override that).
  • Y = watershed yield, as cubic feet per second per square mile (cfs/sqmi). We use 1.6 cfs/sqmi as a constant as a general estimate of the amount of water per square mile a watershed will yield, which is good enough for planning purposes.
  • F = an environmental flow constant, typically between 0.1 and 0.5 cfs/sqmi. Our default is 0.3.
  • E = a power generation efficiency constant. Our default is 70%.
  • R = electricity value per kilowatt-hour, in dollars
  • P = power generated, in kilowatt-hours
  • V = annual value of power generated, in dollars

Calculation

Estimate potential watershed yield
  • Qt = A * Y This is how much water theoretically comes down the stream (cubic feet per second).
  • Qe = A * F This is how much water is needed to maintain basic ecosystem function (cubic feet per second).
  • Qu = Qt - Qe Useable yield from the watershed (cubic feet per second).

Calculate Power Generation

  • P = (Qu * H / 11.8) x e power generated, in kilowatt-hours

Calculate Power Value

  • V = R * 8766 * P annual value of power generated, in dollars

Interested in running the calculator programmatically? You can access the formula through our Calculator API.

  • Overview
  • 1. Site
  • 2. Parameters
  • 3. Results

The Microhydropower Calculator helps estimate the power generation potential of a micro-hydroelectric turbine installation.

This calculator relies on publicly-available, map-based data to generate estimates of electrical power potential. Default values are provided, but users may manually override the default and map generated values. It's important to understand that not 100% of the available water may pass through the generator, and that generators are not 100% efficient.

This calculator is not a precise tool and is not intended to replace field measurements or surveys. Dam owners should discuss their options with a micro hydropower design professional as individual circumstances may vary.

While Bard College has endeavored to ensure that the supplied calculations and information are based on valid assumptions and approaches, outputs from the calculator are meant to guide only. Users should verify the information obtained through the calculator independently. Bard College takes no responsibility for any error or defect therein. Bard College shall not be liable for any loss or damage arising from the use or reliance of any data supplied by the calculator.

This calculator will guide you through these steps:

  1. Site Identification. Use the map and available data layers to identify a spot suitable for a potential microhydropower installation. Diagram the location on the map, and the calculator will automatically estimate head (elevation change) and delineate the contributing area using available topographic data.
  2. Parameters. Input calculation coefficients and other assumptions used in the calculation (sensible defaults are provided). Optionally, override the head and area estimates derived from data in Step 1.
  3. Results. View the analysis results, including total kilowatt hours and estimated revenue generation.

First, find a location for a potential micro-hydro installation.

Use the map to the right, its search tool, and available layers to find locations suitable for microhydro installation. Dam locations (New York State only), along with hydrography from USGS, are available as map layers. A layer indicating the coverage of high-resolution LiDAR elevation data is also available. Switch the basemap between several available imagery and topographic styles to get a better sense of the terrain.

Then, diagram a conceptual installation.

Use the draw tool to draw a line from a point downstream (lower elevation) to a point upstream (higher elevation) to indicate the potential location of a microhydropower installation's outlets and inlets, respectively. You don't need to trace the exact path; start and end points are sufficient!

Use the edit button to modify your diagram.

Use the delete button to delete your diagram.

Estimated from your sketch:

Head Calculating... Estimating Head...

0 Feet

Area Calculating... Delineating Area...

0 Sq. Miles


Adjust Parameters

Head & Area

Optionally, you can manually enter or override calculated values for the Head and/or Area here. To override and enter values yourself, flick the switch.


Feet
Sq. Miles

Constants

Adjust the parameters below, or leave at provided defaults.

$


Power Potential


kilowatt hours

Value

$
/ year


Head

Feet

Contributing Area

Sq. Miles

Constants

  • Environmental Flow: cubic feet per second
  • Efficiency:
  • Rate: $ per kilowatt-hour